Ahmad Rashidi nejad; Morad Kaviani Rad; Afshin mottaghi
Abstract
The legal regime of common water resources remains the main concern of countries in the international river basin. In this regard, it seems difficult and unresolved just as before to determine the legal regime of these rivers, due to the different viewpoints of the coastal countries located in the basin ...
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The legal regime of common water resources remains the main concern of countries in the international river basin. In this regard, it seems difficult and unresolved just as before to determine the legal regime of these rivers, due to the different viewpoints of the coastal countries located in the basin of these rivers, on the extent and how to exploit these resources. In general, the approach of governments in the exploitation of these resources stems from two perspectives: a perspective accepts the problem of water scarcity and, with proper management, considers water as an important factor in regional cooperation. In contrast, the other one, given the certainty of conflict over natural resources, regards the conflict and crisis over common water resources as inevitable. Accordingly, the present article examines the governing principles of water resources exploitation of international rivers, assuming that the geographical location (upstream-downstream relations) and hydro-hegemonic position of coastal countries is effective in adopting the governing principles of international rivers. It has also dealt with the conformity ratio of these principles with the approaches and hydro-political attitudes of the countries in the basin of these rivers. The data and information required for the article have been collected through library method (books, publications and Internet). It seems that the adoption or development of governing principles of international rivers exploitation can be derived from the upstream-downstream position and the hydro-hegemonic status of the countries located at the basin of a river. While confirming the hypothesis and the effectiveness of hydropolitical approaches, the article has come to the conclusion that the principles with cooperation-oriented approaches of downstream countries or with low geopolitical weight and the principles with conflict-oriented approaches of upstream countries or with high geopolitical weight have received more attention and acceptance.
Morad Kavianirad; Reyhaneh Salehabadi; zakeyeh Aftabi
Abstract
The limitation of shared water resources has led to a range of different patterns from cooperation to conflict, which are explored in the from of hydropolitical knowledge . however, various aspects of hydropolitics have been the focus of scholars in various aspects of hydropolitics have been the focus ...
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The limitation of shared water resources has led to a range of different patterns from cooperation to conflict, which are explored in the from of hydropolitical knowledge . however, various aspects of hydropolitics have been the focus of scholars in various aspects of hydropolitics have been the focus of scholars in various sciences, including political geography.To the extend that many of these experts have studied hydroplitics and its constituent dimenisions in different ways. The purpose of this paper, which is fundamental in nature, is to provide a paradigm model of hydropolitics based on the Grand Theory method has been qualitative, with refrence to 14 experts, internal and external sources and using the libarary method. samples were selected through purposive sampling.The obtained data were coded and analyzed using Grand Theory method. The result shows that in hydropolitics, the underlying factors fall into fifty central categories and five main categories: geopolitics, geoculture, geoeconomics, thechnopolitics, and politics.causal factors in hydropolitics were identified in 27 central categories and three main categories, as follows:1.community culture 2. Location and geographical status3. Infrastructural and fundamental. Strategic factors in 57 central categories and three main categories: formulation of educational and research strategies, strategic insight and formulation of mission and macro goals and the consequences of hydropolitics in 58 center categories and six main categories as follow: political-legal, socio- cultural, military- security, ecmomic and environmental factors, case Attention are.
Morad Kaviani Rad
Abstract
Reduced rainfall and increased consumption, along with the inefficiency of water resource management, has greatly affected the security of the countries on the desert strip of the world So that dehydration threatens their security, livelihoods and the environment severely. This situation has brought ...
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Reduced rainfall and increased consumption, along with the inefficiency of water resource management, has greatly affected the security of the countries on the desert strip of the world So that dehydration threatens their security, livelihoods and the environment severely. This situation has brought water into Power relations of Political-spatial units On a sub-national and transnational scale. Meanwhile, Iran is among the countries on the dry belt of the world, where the vast portion of renewable has ended its water resources. Available data show that the Zayandeh Rood Basin has been decreasing in the last two decades, and has ended most of its water. The efforts of the authorities in Subnational scale for water supply has exacerbated the difference in the interests of citizens. The data of the present article, which is of a practical nature, has been gathered in a library manner and reviewed by the most visited provincial sites Based on the assumption that partial approach to water issues has led to The positions of the administrators of each province in the Zayandeh Rood Basin are related to appear The geographical position superior and inferior of the province. The result of the article shows that there is a relationship between the geographic location of the province and the statement of the position of Authorities and practitioners in the form of hydro-political relations.
